Mystery Wonders
Two Headed Snake

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When a human embryo begins to split but the process stops before completion, two genetically identical babies might be born with parts of their bodies fused together -- conjoined twins. This occurs only very rarely, and 75 percent of conjoined twins are either stillborn or die within a day of birth. Among snakes, the same process typically manifests itself not as two conjoined bodies, but as two heads sharing a single body. And when those heads don't see eye-to-eye on matters of mutual interest, they sometimes fight each other to the death. In a paper published in the "Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society" in June 2007, Harvard herpetologist Van Wallach analysed 950 reported cases of snakes with two heads, a condition known as axial bifurcation or dicephalism. Throughout the ages, many variations on reptiles with two heads have been reported, Wallach wrote. In most cases, both heads have their own esophagus and trachea, and often their own heart and set of lungs, but snakes with one head and two jaws, as well as those with two heads and one jaw, have also been reported. Wallach also cites the case of a hermaphrodite two-headed snake, half male and half female, but calls this report "incredible" and unverifiable, since the specimen was lost. Herpetologists believe that although two-headed snakes wouldn't last long in the wild, they can thrive in captivity -- if they don't kill each other first. In September 2012, two South Carolina kids hit the show-and-tell jackpot by finding a small snake with one head at either end of its body, each with two eyes, a mouth and a tongue. Their mother observed that the two heads couldn't seem to agree on what the body should do. The late Thelma and Louise, a two-headed corn snake about 3 1/2 feet long, was a perennial favorite at the San Diego Zoo, her -- or their -- 15 single-headed offspring furnishing persuasive evidence that in snakes, dicephalism is an accidental condition rather than a genetic mutation. University of Tennessee herpetologist Gordon Burghardt says that the amount of time two-headed snakes spend fighting over which head gets to swallow the prey would make them highly vulnerable to predators in the wild. Even in captivity, where both heads are well fed, they're often at each other's throats. According to Van Wallach, some heads learn how to get along with each other, some manage to cooperate partially, others never figure out that what goes into their stomach nourishes them both. When one head attacks and kills the other and subsequently dies as a result, Wallach classifies it as a homicide-suicide and has documented many cases. According to Wallach, the first reliable written report of a two-headed snake was documented in 350 B.C. by Aristotle, an ancient Greek better known for his writings on philosophy. Many famous people have owned dicephalic snakes, among them King Louis XVI of France, a Japanese emperor, Ben Franklin, Thomas Edison, Thomas Jefferson and talk-show host Ellen De Generes. The "Handbook of Inca Mythology" tells us that the two-headed rainbow-hued serpent god Amaru Tupa played an important role in Inca belief. In homage to Amaru, rulers used to confine large anacondas and boa constrictors together with prisoners of war and criminals. Three days later, if any man was still alive, he was free to go.


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Do your nightmares ever include two-headed monsters? Storybook dragons and serpents may have a basis in reality. A farmer in Spain captured a two-headed snake last month, and scientists are eager to study it. "Two-headed snakes are rare, but they shouldn't be looked at as freaks," said Gordon Burghardt, a herpetologist at the University of Tennessee. Herpetologists study reptiles like turtles, snakes and lizards. Each two-headed animal is highly individual, and has its own personality and reasons for doing things the same as any other creature, he said. The snake in Spain is lucky it was captured; there is no way it could survive on its own in the wild. Just imagine all the problems you would have if you had two heads. It would be as if you had to get one of your brothers or sisters to agree with every decision you made—what to wear, what to eat, when to eat, what to watch on television, what site to visit on the Internet—all the time, every time. That's how it is for a snake with two heads. First the two heads have to decide they're both hungry at the same time, and then they have to agree to pursue the same prey. Then they might fight over which head gets to swallow the prey. To make it even more complicated, since snakes operate a good deal by smell, if one head catches the scent of prey on the other's head, it will attack and try to swallow its second head. "They also have a great deal of difficulty deciding which direction to go, and if they had to respond to an attack quickly they would just not be capable of it," said Burghardt. Two-headed snakes raised in captivity can do quite well though. Burghardt had a two-headed black rat snake that lived to be almost 20 years old. Arizona State University was home to a two-headed king snake that was found in the desert as a baby. The snake lived for close to 17 years at the university. Thelma and Louise, a two-headed corn snake that lived at the San Diego Zoo until its death, had 15 normal babies. Snakes born with two heads happen the same way Siamese twins are born to humans. A developing embryo begins to split into identical twins but then stops part way, leaving the twins joined. The point at which the embryo stops separating varies, and just as Siamese twins can be joined at the head, breast, or hip, the same is true for snakes. The king snake at ASU had two heads supported by separate necks, and they shared a stomach. The two-headed black rat snake that lived for close to 20 years at Burghardt's lab each had a complete throat and stomach. The ladder snake in Spain has two completely separated heads that join the body at about neck level. The two heads on Thelma and Louise were quite close together. "If the two heads are very close together it's going to be much more difficult for them; with more separation, they can act a little more independently," Burghardt said. The two-headed snake found in Spain is a non-venomous ladder snake. It was about two months old when it was found, and around 8 inches (20 centimeters) long. It is now on its way to its new home at the University of Valencia, where biologist Enrique Font will study it.




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Natural Zhangjiaje
Pamukkale
Nasca Lines
Antarctica
Valley of Love Ireland
Underwater Museum Cancún Mexico
Matterhorn Mountain
Tutankhamun Mummy
Shroud of Turin
Colosseum Rome Italy
Spontaneous combustion
Paracas Skulls
Acropolis of Athens
Underwater Pyramids of Cuba
Twin Town
Largest Crab Ever
Easter Island Secrets
Borobudur Temple
Yellowstone
Lencois Mranhenses Brasil
Crystal Underwater Pyramid Cuba
3,800 year old mummy Xiahoe
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
Aurora
Red Rain
Blue Neon Waves
KAMPUNG KUANTAN FIREFLIES
Valley of the Kings
Taj Mahal
Columnar Basalt
Zhangye Danxia
Memnon Colossi
Bagan Myanmar
Blue Belize Hole
Reed Flute Cave
Sigiriya Sri Lanka
Kukulkan Pyramid Chichen Itza
Victoria Falls
Iron Pillar Delhi
El Chupacabra
Santorini
Lighthouse of Alexandria
Mount Rushmore
Mount Nemrut
Door to Hell
200 yo mummy not dead
Famous Petra
Pompeii After Eruption
Terracotta Army
Parícutin
Giant Stone Balls
Great Pyramid of Giza
Grand Canyon
Rio de Janeiro
The Wonder Cave
Katmai Crater Lake
Bermuda Triangle
Everglades Park
Colossus of Rhodes
Tunguska Explosion Russia
Two Headed Snake
Area 51
Black Hole
Sailing Stones
Stonehenge
Kittiwake Shipwreck
Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
Stone Forest
Leshan Giant Buddha China
Wonder Rock
The Great Wall of China
Banaue Rice Terraces
Ancient Atomic Bomb India
Pillars of weathering
Plitvice Lakes
Lost Kingdom Of Cleopatra
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Ayers Rock
K2 Pakistan
Lost Heracleion City
Sahara Desert
Fly Geyser
The Ancient City of Mes Aynak
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GREAT SPHINX OF GIZA
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Timbuktu
Vimana Flying Machine
Angel Falls
Underwater Cancun
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Hitler fled to Argentina
Waterfalls Rio Tulija
Arizona Wave










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